Fighting Fire With Fire Essay - 1742 Words

Kyle Brinkley Mrs. Gallos English 3 Honors 27 March 2017 Fighting Fire With Fire Many people have heard the phrase â€Å"fight fire with fire†, but what most people do not realize is that this is one of the most practical and efficient ways to prevent and stop wild fires. Wildfires are naturally occurring events that will happen despite any effort to prevent them. The thing people can do is reduce the severity and amount of wildfires by many different tactics. There are organizations all over the world from federal to private with the goal to reduce wildfires. The most widely known organization uses the iconic bear, Smokey, who says â€Å"Only you can prevent Wildfires†(â€Å"About The Campaign†). Fires need three factors to allow them to burn:†¦show more content†¦The reason behind this is the controlled fire kills the underbrush, and the fuel to the main fire will contain or at least slow down the wildfire. This tactic takes away the fires fuel, which is one of the three key factors, therefore being a very effective tactic. There are drawbacks, however. By starting a fire, there is always a chance of it becoming uncontained. If this fire gets too hot and jumps the fire line, then what was a controlled burn becomes a wildfire. Fighting fire with fire works only when it is done correctly. The Federal Government caused some problems in the early 1900s, by trying to prevent wildfires which in turn caused more. The Federal Government completely outlawed fires in the southwest, which is where most large wildfires occur. Due to this new law, the southwest saw something unexpected. Instead of there being a decrease in wildfires, there was a drastic increase. Wildfires were burning more regularly and larger than ever before. This soon became known as the â€Å"Smokey Bear effect†. The reason the fires increased was because their fuel just continued to build up over time; therefore, when a fire began, it had plenty of fuel to help it continue to burn. â€Å"Southwestern mountains of New Mexico, Arizona, Color ado and Utah are now choked with trees of all sizes, and grass and shrubs. Essentially, it is fuel†(â€Å"How†).The experts found that the only solution to this problem is the problem itself: fire. Controlled burns are what and stillShow MoreRelated Fire Fighting Technology Essay888 Words   |  4 PagesFire Fighting Technology Innovations in Communication Technology This 80,000 pound powerhouse was just purchased by the Swarthmore Fire Protective Association. Equipped with a 100-foot aerial and a 2000 gallon per minute (gpm) Hale single stage pump, Tower 14 can knock down just about any fire. The first five minutes after the first fire apparatus arrives on scene at a large-scale fire are coordinated chaos. Joe Lombardo of the Garden City Fire Department made it a point duringRead MoreRisky Business: Consent Safety and Fire Fighting Culture. Essay670 Words   |  3 PagesRisky Business: Consent Safety and fire fighting Culture. This case study introduces us to the risk, safety measures, and issues involved in fire fighting. The title of the case study is Risky Business: Consent Safety and fire fighting Culture. The case discusses the Bay City fire fighting department which is known â€Å"as one of the most advanced in the country† (2010). The case highlights the fact that though the department has one of the most highly trained fire fighters in its team, the chief isRead MoreComparative Essay- Rachel Orbach In â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† by Edgar Allan Poe, and â€Å"To900 Words   |  4 Pages Comparative Essay- Rachel Orbach In â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† by Edgar Allan Poe, and â€Å"To Build a Fire† by Jack London, both authors use similar protagonists who unwillingly have to face their death. Prince Prospero, in â€Å"The Masque of Red Death†, is avoiding a deadly plague by hiding in his castle with his kinsmen, and the man in â€Å"To Build a Fire† is traveling in the freezing weather trying to abstain from hypothermia and death. Prince Prospero and the man, while different from one anotherRead MoreSimilarities and Differences Between Romeo and Juliet and Lord of the Flies1676 Words   |  7 Pages1. How does civilization breakdown as time passes in RJ and LOTF? †¢ Montague and Capulet families have been bitter enemies for generations. †¢ Bitter hate even extend to the families’ servants who open the play fighting in the streets. †¢ Arguments end up in fights resulting in murder, followed by revenge and more murder – Tybalt kills Mercutio, Romeo kills Tybalt despite knowing that Tybalt is his new wife’s cousin. †¢ Juliet finds out that Romeo kills her cousin, but tolerates it. †¢ Juliet wouldRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Night 1662 Words   |  7 Pagesawait Composed only of which you fear The dangers come my way And may danger me true But if you cannot fix it The fault belongs to you So I leave you with my warning Be it known from Fire to Earth Not acting within two months And I shall have my mirth The whole twenty-five membered council exchanged fearful glances at the end of the reading. One man however, born of noble Air descent, felt the panic illogicalRead MoreThe Symbolism of Fire in Fahrenheit 451790 Words   |  4 PagesThe Symbolism of fire in Fahrenheit 451 Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury describes a dystopian society where firemen instead of putting out fires, light them in pursuit of vanishing all books. The protagonist of the novel, Guy Montag, is a fireman that started questioning his beliefs about love, society and mainly questioning his job as an enemy of books, and the use of fire. This essay will discuss how does Montag understands fire through the novel and how fire is presented in the book. Read MoreComparison of Franco Zefferelli’s Romeo and Juliet to The Adaptation by Baz Luhrmann1460 Words   |  6 PagesComparison of Franco Zefferelli’s Romeo and Juliet to The Adaptation by Baz Luhrmann This essay aims to discus the similarities and differences of Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, directed by Franco Zefferelli and Baz Luhrmann. In this essay there will be an outline of the story, a comparison of the techniques used in each film and the affect these techniques have on the viewer. In Fair Verona two families have been feuding for generations, the Capulets and the MontaguesRead MoreEssay about The Fire Next Time by James Baldwin735 Words   |  3 PagesThe Fire Next Time by James Baldwin James Baldwins book The fire Next Time opens up an entirely new world to most readers. It opens the reader to the harsh world of a black boy growing into a man in the poor city slums and all of the issues that a black man has to face. This book does more for the reader than any article published about the blacks living in the poor cities in terms of exposure for the reader. The reason why it hasRead MoreWar As A Fundamental Way Of War1247 Words   |  5 Pagesbeginning of time, humanity has resorted to war as a fundamental way to settle their differences. Clausewitz described war as the act of force to compel the enemy to do our will. Sun-Tzu believed the purpose of war was to subdue the enemy without fighting. Regardless of the definition, every culture has its motives for why it goes to war and how it should be conducted. Nation states go to war to gain access to new territories and resources, settle religious differences, and defend against a threatRead MoreETA is a Terrorist Organization with Roots in Ethnic Nationalism1072 Words   |  4 Pages ETA Discursive Essay: From 1959 until 2010, Euskadi Ta Aaskatasuna or ETA has been fighting for autonomy in the Basque region on the border between Spain and France. ETA hopes to achieve political and cultural independence. However, it utilizes terror and violent intimidation to undermine existing governments. It is a terrorist organization that with military-style precision inflicts maximum damage in an attempt to realize its nationalist ideals. Cease-fires and negotiations are voided. ETA argues

Honor High Respect For Someone Or Something - 784 Words

Honor: High respect for someone or something. To me honor is kindness, someone to depend on, the â€Å"hero† of the story. Ever wonder who was the first computer program? No? Me neither. But that’s because I was never into computers much. The first programer was a woman, her name was Ada Lovelace. Yep, it was a woman. But before I tell you all about the program, let’s learn about her first. Ada â€Å"Countess of Lovelace† was born in 1815 and died in 1852. Her father was George Gordon Byron, who was a poet. But he died in Greece when she was 8. Ada was young when she started to show an interest in science and mathematics. Her mother thought that if she studied at that age, she wouldn’t inherit her father’s temper. Also, for self-control, her mother made her lie still for a long time. Ada received many letters from other scientists as well. Including William Frend, William King, and Mary Somerville. At 17 she made a friend and together they helped each other. His name was Charles Babbage, another mathematician. She was fascinated with his work. Then someone asked her to translate an article from Babbage’s analytical engine, but she didn’t just translare it, she added a few thoughts to it too. She wrote how the codes could be created for the device to not only handle numbers, but letters and symbols too. Also to make it where the engine to repeat certain instructions. She was considered the first programer in history. Though, while she was alive, her work wasn’t that known byShow MoreRelat edHonor In The Great Gatsby Analysis935 Words   |  4 PagesThe understanding of honor is adopted by each culture within a different way. Honor is the center of many cultures within fables, stories, tales, movies, books, poems, etc. Since the cultures adopted honor in different ways, there are a variety of definitions. The definitions depend on which culture, the point of view, and lifestyle that the person had. The Great Gatsby is a love story between a poor boy who works to get rich and a girl who was born into money attempting to reunite after five yearsRead MoreHonoring The Knights Of The Round Table1179 Words   |  5 PagesThe word honor and its meaning, hasn’t changed much from the medieval times to the present day. In the medieval times, honor wasn’t just a word, but it was a way of life for the knights like King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. Honor was a just one of multiple building blocks that King Arthur and his knights followed. The word is something that keeps the knight’s humanity intact, but some cases honor can be defined as people become divided depending on their social states. Within the knightsRead MoreHow An Aig Student Could Be Done?1099 Words   |  5 Pagesa website called Anti Essays. The things they considered an honors student was things such as being hard working and having a good ethic. Being one means that you are willing to put forth the extra work that it takes for you to do even better. One of the quotes they used was Great works are performed not by strength but by perseverance. I think what that means is that you are willing to put in the time. Even if you might have something else to do, you decide to do your work instead because you wantRead More7 army values806 Words   |  4 Pagesdemonstrate devotion to duty: Fulfill obligations-professional, legal, and moral. Carry out mission requirements. Meet professional standards. Set the example. Comply with policies and directives. Continually pursue excellence. RESPECT Leaders who demonstrate respect: Treat people as they should be treated. Create a climate of fairness and equal opportunity. Are discreet and tactful when correcting or questioning others. Show concern for and make an effort to check on the safety and well-beingRead MoreDefinition Paper on Honor864 Words   |  4 PagesKolany September 23rd, 2012 Ms. Richardson Period 1 Honor. There is a little bit of it in each of us. Some more than others do, but they earned it. Honor. Or it could be honour. It does not matter how it is spelled, it means the same universally. Honor. Great men and women earned it. They have gone beyond their normal duties to earn this. Honor. Local heroes have this too. They fall under the same category as great men and women. Honor. I think you get the point. I could keep going, butRead MoreGod Is The Creator And Savior Of All986 Words   |  4 Pagesto his endless and overwhelming love. Because of that, we were called to be God’s disciple and to be more like him in every way. And so, this leads to being a Christ-like Character. What does it mean? What does it mean to be a person like Christ? Someone who exemplifies Christ-like character means that people can look at that person and feel God’s presence in him or her. A Christ-like character means to be like God himself. 1 Corinthians 1:1 states â€Å"Paul, called by the will of God to be an apostleRead MoreMy Personal Statement On Writing Essay1443 Words   |  6 Pagesdoesn’t put academics first. My household was as long as you pass you’re doing good because no one experienced a higher education after a high school diploma. I was constantly asked why I was always studying and spending so much time doing homework when I can be doing other things in life. Here’s the thing though I didn’t have this academic mindset until junior high when my older brother was a senior. He didn’t put his academics first and had to settle for a trade school and I knew that I wasn’t goingRead MoreOedipus Rex970 Words   |  4 PagesAristotle’s, The High-Minded Man. This manuscript explains that for any play to be truly considered a tragedy, its hero must meet Aristotle’s standards for a high-minded man. In the tragedy of Oedipus Rex, by Sophacles, Oedipus clearly meets the requirements to be called a high-minded man. Oedipus is expressive about his thoughts, exceptionally important in society, and lastly an honorable man. One of the characteristics of a high-minded man that Oedipus shows is in how one who is high-minded shouldRead MoreWhat Respect Is The Word Respect?1113 Words   |  5 Pages When talking about the word respect, numerous individuals have no clue what it implies. This word changes its meaning depending on who is inquired. Several people, even ones who comprehend what respect implies, still have no respect for anyone else. A two-way streak that everyone appears to overlook is respect. The word respect has a one-sided meaning to it, as an consequence of all the disrespect around the world. Respect has different opinions, gone through history, and help shape famous quotesRead MoreJapanese Value Honor And Family939 Words   |  4 Pagessay they value honor is a no brainer. What many don’t know is just how deep these values go, as well as how often they are reflected in their literature. In the past the Japanese valued honor, now they call it saving face in our modern times. Bot h terms mean the same thing and can be lost or earned almost the same way. The Japanese value honor and family, both are equally displayed in various works of literature. The Tale of the Heike gives prime examples of how the Japanese honor others and themselves

Analysis of the Kite Runner - 1922 Words

1. Point of View The novel was written in a first person’s point of view. The narrator of the novel, Amir, tells the story firstly based on his memories in a chronological flashback order. Time soon catches up and Amir narrates as things are happening in the second part of the novel. The telling of the novel was passed to Rahim Khan as he narrates about the life he and Hassan were living while Amir and Baba were in America before the narration was passed back to Amir. 2. Plot †¢ Introduction – The childhood memories of when Amir and Hassan were still boys, living in Kabul. †¢ Rising action – The raping scene of Hassan by Assef and his lackeys that was witnessed by Amir after the kite flying competition. †¢ Climax – When Rahim Khan calls and†¦show more content†¦He also stood up against the Taliban when they tried to evacuate Hassan and his family from Baba’s house, which cost him his life. Hassan’s character serves as the justice part of people. The person that always does good and should be an example to all. †¢ Baba Baba is a man with very high expectations. He expected Amir to be just like him as a kid growing up and was never satisfied or proud with anything Amir did. Another character trait shown by Baba is his patriotism when he took a handful of Afghanistan soil and kept it before going to America. Baba is also a very brave man as he stood up for the woman wearing the black shawl when the Russian soldier wanted to rape her, risking his life in the process. When Baba refused chemotherapy and the food stamps, it shows that he a very proud man and wouldn’t want to be seen as weak. Last but not least, Baba is a loving man. Although it didn’t seem as so, Baba did love Amir and even Hassan. He helped Amir ask for Soraya’s hand in marriage and he never forgot Hassan’s birthday. Furthermore, Baba is a forgiving person as he forgives Hassan for supposedly stealing Amir’s birthday presents. Baba portrays the character that drives the protagonist, Amir to strive to b e better in everything in order to gain some appreciation. †¢ Assef Assef’s main character trait is that he is a revengeful person. He held a grudge against Amir and Hassan after standing up to him and got his revenge on Hassan by raping him. Even afterShow MoreRelatedCritical Analysis Of The Kite Runner1090 Words   |  5 Pages– H 31 October 2017 Consequences of War: A Critical Analysis of the Kite Runner On a day to day basis, an individual is faced with an obstacle they must overcome, ultimately defining their morals and values. In the literature perspective, the novel The Kite Runner delivers multiple thematic ideas that portray the struggles of characters in their ordinary lives. Khaled Hosseini, author and physician, released his debut novel The Kite Runner in the year of 2003. This novel is written in the firstRead MoreThematic Analysis Of The Kite Runner 1377 Words   |  6 PagesThematic Analysis of the Kite Runner John Piper once said, â€Å"Redemption is not perfection, the redeemed must realize their mistakes.† One can see an idea similar to this in Kahled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner. In the story, the author sends the message that redemption can be a lifelong pursuit, and until achieved, happiness will not be obtained. The first time the reader is introduced to the theme comes at a time when Amir is feeling as though he is not deserving of his fathers appreciation. â€Å"BecauseRead MoreAnalysis Of The Kite Runner 1016 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the dictionary redemption means â€Å" The act of saving from sin†. The kite Runner is about two boys that goes through violence and betrayal in Kabul, Afghanistan. One of the main characters Amir decided not to help his best friend caused their conflicts to grow. This reveals the theme of redemption throughout the Kite Runner. Most importantly, there is a motivation behind why Amir battles very nearly his whole existence with reclamation and that is on the grounds that Amir s hirelingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Kite Runner1078 Words   |  5 Pages The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, a story of a boy as he unravels his journey throughout his life. The novel consists of multiple themes such as love, friendship, betrayal, guilt, , secrets, loyalty, and redemption. As the main character, Amir recalls his past events, all of these themes start to unravel specific events that occurred in his life. â€Å"There is a way to be good again† (Hosseini 2) is where the novel unfolds the deep dark life of Amir’s regret and guilt, Baba’s secret, and Hassan’sRead MoreThe Kite Runner Analysis1237 Words   |  5 Pageshow political power such as the Taliban can bring out the evil in people but he also demonstrates how there is oppressive male power in relationships that also brings out the same human nature. He uses overbearing masculine characters in the The Kite Runner and gender roles to express how men were given the right to act in such horrific ways towards women. In Afghanistan there are many restrictions aga inst women. Men have control over their wives and girlfriends. They have the dominant power and sinceRead MoreThe Kite Runner Analysis772 Words   |  4 PagesThe Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini was a touching book that revolved around loyalty within a friendship. The friendship between Hassan and Amir had some difficulties. A true friendship can be hard to find(,) but can be one of the most vital things to being truly happy. Both Hassan and Amir had proven their loyalty to each other by the end of The Kite Runner. Loyalty was a crucial part in Hassan and Amir’s friendship.   Ã‚  Ã‚   In the beginning, Hassan was not only loyal to Amir because that was his dutyRead MoreCritical Analysis Of The Kite Runner 1899 Words   |  8 PagesCritical Analysis of The Kite Runner â€Å"It may be unfair, but what happens in a few days, sometimes even a single day, can change the course of a whole lifetime†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (142). Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner unfolds the story of the affluent youth Amir and his servant friend Hassan, who are separated by a traumatizing sexual assault and the 1979 Soviet Union invasion of Afghanistan. Despite a fresh start in San Francisco, Amir is devoured by guilt for failing to protect his loyal friend. Many years laterRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Kite Runner 1229 Words   |  5 PagesShyanne Nobles Ms. Mastrokyriakos English 4A Literary Analysis on â€Å"The Kite Runner† Edward Michael a British adventurer, writer and television presenter of Man vs. Wild always says â€Å"survival can be summed up in three words - never give up. That’s the heart of it really. Just keep trying†. The Kite Runner is a fictional book with a heartbreaking plot and struggling characters that are easily sympathetic to the readers. An Afghani child that has to make life changing decisions at such a young ageRead MoreThe Kite Runner Analysis 1844 Words   |  8 PagesTherefore, being a father is very difficult, having to overcome obstacles and being strong for each other. A well-known saying â€Å"like father, like son† is evident in this novel by the different ties of relationship each character had. In the novel, The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini proves that there is need of a fatherly figure when growing up. Having a father-son bond helps the child differentiate right from wrong. The relationship which demonstrates the need of a father figure is depic ted by Baba and AmirRead MoreAnalysis Of The Kite Runner 1229 Words   |  5 PagesThe Kite Runner’s plot is centered on the story of Amir, a young boy who grew up in Afghanistan with his father, and friend, Hassan. Amir was raised without a mother, and had no womanly influence in his life until he was married. This lack of women in the storyline has caused some to argue that the novel is demeaning to women (Gomez). The vulgar language and explicit themes are seen as demoralizing towards the female gender (Schaub). In the novel the women are required to remain committed and submissive

The True Freedom Of Free Will - 1180 Words

An assumption about freedom is that logically it is something we can possess. Once we take away whatever it is that is holding us back, at our core there is freedom granted to everyone. Exploring the idea of what true freedom is and whether or not we have it we begin to see philosophical theories arise that gives us alternatives to these preconceptions. Freedom, specifically free will, is usually the one thing we believe we have. Even though there are obvious factors affecting us, our free will, or freedom, is what we think we truly possess. Free will is defined, for these purposes, as the ability to act on your second order desires. If we are able to act â€Å"otherwise† we have free will. It is when this ability is taken away that we loose†¦show more content†¦By definition the man does not actually have freedom because he does not have the ability to do otherwise. He cannot leave the room even though he does not want to. This is what Locke believes we are experiencing when we believe we have free will. We do not actually have the ability to do otherwise and determinism offers us another alternative for why things happen. Some people think this conflicts with the basic ideology of free will because if determinism is true then everything has a cause and what happens is not a product of our own choices, i.e. our free will. Because causal relationships mean everything when discussing freedom, we will look at the main facets of determinism and how those intersect with free will. Determinism has its own spectrum. Hard Determinism agrees with determinism but says that there is no free will. It does not allow for free will to exist because everything has a cause determined by these ambiguous external factors. This is what theologians call Incompatibilism. Determinism is therefore not compatible with free will. If incompatibilism is true and there is not such thing as free will then moral responsibility is left to the cosmos. The main criticism, or question, directed at incompatibilism is where does moral responsibility fit in? Moral responsibility is defined as what a thing has when it can be properly praised or blamed for something. If

Virtualization and Cloud Computing Child Protection

Question: Describe about the Virtualization and Cloud Computing for Child Protection Nonprofit Organization. Answer: Introduction The report depicts the crucial necessity of implementation of manual payroll management system in the non profitable child protection organization. The organization is facing several issues due to lack of management system. In order to develop the overall management system the organization has decided to introduce a cloud based solution for the organization. The cloud based solution is cost effective and efficient and for this organization the selected cloud vendor is HP. The Report will describe the ways in which HP support the remote administration, resource management and SLA management. Apart from this, the report will also discuss the application resilience, need of recovery of the information stored in the database of the organization and the disaster recovery management system. Apart from this, the report will also demonstrate the usability of Erls SLA guidelines that are required to access the cloud provider. Finally, the opportunities that the organization will get by adopting the cloud solution will lo be demonstrated in this report. Requirements for remote administration, resource management and SLA management In this nonprofit child protection organization the numbers of staffs are increasing at a rapid rate, therefore management of all those names has become difficult to the organization. In order to improve the overall management the organization is suggested to adopt cloud based solution so that with the help of manual adjustment the information can be handled with proper balance (Hussain Abdulsalam, 2014). The cloud based solution has SaaS HP software as a service; PaaS cloud application delivery, IaaS enterprise services cloud-compute (Bernstein, 2014). For complete improvement proper resource management, remote administration maintenance and SLA management system should are also required. Remote administration Remote administration is one of the most importance features, required to be considered before implementing cloud computing solution to an existing system. The mechanism known as remote administration system provides supportive user interface and diagnostic tools for external cloud resources. It also helps to frame up cloud computing based IT resources. The system can establish portals to access management based features for different system. The application program interface and operating tools can build a customized and programmatically controllable manual system to the organization. Two primary portals can be created with the help of remote administration. These are as follows: Administration portal and usage: This portal is referred to as a centralized management control IT cloud based resource that, help to develop the manual programming. Self service portal: This is referred to as all the shopping carts. The four major questionnaires can be answered with the proper implementation of the remote administration services. These are based on how, when and what. On the basis of the job role authenticated users can access personnel and financial information from the data storage. On the other hand, everything can be accessed by everyone only authorized people can access data. Based on the time and atmosphere information can be retrieved from database by the users and none of the outsiders can access it. Resource management Resource management is a supportive cloud based environment that provides modern data centre and heterogeneous resources. In order to configure a cloud environment different resources are required, after that the resources are analyzed in an appropriate manner. Resource management technology is provided to the child protection organization to improve the cloud application and manual balancing. HP cloud vendor is capable to provide these user supports to the organization whenever required. Matching, scheduling and mapping are three basic segments that took individual attention for overall development of the system (Amanatullah et al., 2013). Matching is referred to as the combination and match between proper job and proper employee. Multiple kind job resources are available in different locations. Mapping process is the combination of matching and scheduling. Particularly for HP cloud vendor reservation request and demand requests are available. Different hardware and software resources are available such as digital devices and software applications. SLA management Different cloud based software and service level agreements are provided by the HP cloud vendor. The SaaS model gives dynamic solution to the child protection organization. As advanced cloud based solution has many positive aspects at the same time it also provides different challenges to the organization (Espadas et al., 2013). In order to solve this problem service level agreement is required to be introduced to the existing management system. The main objective of the organization is to achieve a cost effective and efficient advanced cloud based solution with maximum amount of profit (Bernstein, 2014). Various optimal processes and challenging methodologies are implemented in the existing service level agreement. The organization needs to acquire SLA management system because it is capable to combine information and expected reliability for all the single documents (Fernandes et al., 2014). It can state the requirement metrics and the balanced responsibility. Discussion on application resilience, backup and disaster recovery Application resilience Application resilience is referred to as a web scale based operation where, the consumers can use several data center at a time. Basically, the operation can be enhanced by implementing different innovative software and technology within the system (Amanatullah et al., 2013). In order to avoid different issues this system provides various advanced level components with the best collection of possible solution. Backup storage This is another technology that is needed to be considered before implementing the cloud based solution to the organization. All the information of the organization is stored in the database of the system. However, due to the dynamic web attack there is a lot of chances of data hacking. Data can be hacked by the attackers and also can be misused for bad intention of people (Fernandes et al., 2014). Every organization should keep the backup of all those data, so that whenever the data will be required the employees they can get it. In the existing system of the organization the data backup storage was very week and retrieval of the stolen data was very difficult. In the new data storage of HP provided cloud based solution the annual database management system is present. Therefore, the employees can fetch data whenever needed. Disaster recovery These applications are needed to resolve or fix any predetermined issue. It is a set of policies and procedures that one organization must maintain to balance the investment and profit. Sometime it is also referred to as business continuity planning (ODriscoll, Daugelaite Sleator, 2013). It helps to determine that with what kind of disaster the technology can deal with. The applications can enhance the functionality of the operations including the cloud applications. This is the risk management process. As the organization has traditional file management system thus, the chances of risk occurrence are also very high. The main threats that affect the system are accidental threat, deliberate threats and environmental threat (Espadas et al., 2013). Intentionally or may be unintentionally the employees might affect the stored data. Therefore, disaster recovery is needed to be adopted to fix the issues. Usability of Erls SLA guideline to access the cloud provider The organization has the traditional payroll management system, but in order to develop the overall management cloud based solution provided by the HP cloud solution is adopted by the system. After the adaptation the traditional system has become manual and in this system the consumers and the service provider can interact with other very frequently (Jadeja Modi, 2012). There is a service level guideline that is needed to access the data from the storage. The guideline states the follows: Guideline Impact Technology The technology provided by the system is neutral in nature (Borgman et al., 2013). Even, this is the necessary technology foundation. In this system the service provider and the consumer can interact with each other without any outside interruption (Jadeja Modi, 2012). World wide application It provides world wide application Unambiguous system Data redundancy can be avoided and data update is also possible (Dinh et al., 2013). Conclusion From the overall discussion it can be concluded that, the child protection nonprofit organization has adopted the HP cloud base solution. The system provided SLA guideline, remote access, resource management system and all other required technology. The technical manager of the organization has decided to implement this system which is capable to provide application resilience, backup storage and disaster recovery. References Amanatullah, Y., Lim, C., Ipung, H. P., Juliandri, A. (2013, June). Toward cloud computing reference architecture: Cloud service management perspective. InICT for Smart Society (ICISS), 2013 International Conference on(pp. 1-4). IEEE. Bernstein, D. (2014). Containers and cloud: From lxc to docker to kubernetes.IEEE Cloud Computing,1(3), 81-84. Borgman, H. P., Bahli, B., Heier, H., Schewski, F. (2013, January). Cloudrise: exploring cloud computing adoption and governance with the TOE framework. InSystem Sciences (HICSS), 2013 46th Hawaii International Conference on(pp. 4425-4435). IEEE. Dinh, H. T., Lee, C., Niyato, D., Wang, P. (2013). A survey of mobile cloud computing: architecture, applications, and approaches.Wireless communications and mobile computing,13(18), 1587-1611. Espadas, J., Molina, A., Jimnez, G., Molina, M., Ramrez, R., Concha, D. (2013). A tenant-based resource allocation model for scaling Software-as-a-Service applications over cloud computing infrastructures.Future Generation Computer Systems,29(1), 273-286. Fernandes, D. A., Soares, L. F., Gomes, J. V., Freire, M. M., Incio, P. R. (2014). Security issues in cloud environments: a survey.International Journal of Information Security,13(2), 113-170. Hussain, M., Abdulsalam, H. M. (2014). Software quality in the clouds: a cloud-based solution.Cluster Computing,17(2), 389-402. Jadeja, Y., Modi, K. (2012, March). Cloud computing-concepts, architecture and challenges. InComputing, Electronics and Electrical Technologies (ICCEET), 2012 International Conference on(pp. 877-880). IEEE. ODriscoll, A., Daugelaite, J., Sleator, R. D. (2013). Big data, Hadoop and cloud computing in genomics.Journal of biomedical informatics,46(5), 774-781. Younis, Y. A., Kifayat, K. (2013). Secure cloud computing for critical infrastructure: A survey.Liverpool John Moores University, United Kingdom, Tech. Rep.

Commonwealth Executive Power Constitutional Law Sample

Question: The High Court of Australia has in its more recent decisions of Pape v Commissioner of Taxation (2009) 238 CLR 1, Williams v Commonwealth (2012) 288 ALR 410 (Williams No 1) and Williams v Commonwealth (2014) 309 ALR 41 (Williams No 2) sought to more clearly expound and refine the scope of the S.61 Commonwealth Executive power over earlier s.61 Executive power cases, so as to maintain faith with the constitutional arrangements and principles the High Court considers as critical to the operation of the Commonwealth Constitution. Critically respond to the above statement in research essay format Answer: The scope of the S.61 Commonwealth Executive power Introduction The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act under Section 61 states that the Commonwealth has executive power given by law (Aroney, 2009). This power that is given to the Commonwealth is stays with the Queen and can be exercised by the Governor General who is the representative of the Queen. This power widens to include the preservation and implementation of the Constitution and also the laws regarding the Commonwealth. Section 61 has been located in Chapter II of the Constitution (Bastide, 2007). This provision of the Constitution provides that the drafters of the Constitution mask and not prescribe the working of the executive (Renfree, 1984). This section further provides the people who can exercise this executive power. It further states that the power of the executive ranges from the maintenance as well as the execution of the Constitution and also the Commonwealth rules and regulations. The scope of this policymaking power of the Commonwealth recently went through a number of changes with regard to the cases of Williams v The Commonwealth of Australia Ors (Williams v The Commonwealth of Australia Ors, [2012]) and Pape v Commissioner of Taxation, (Pape v Commissioner of Taxation, [2009]) and Williams v Commonwealth (2014) (Williams v The Commonwealth of Australia Ors, [2014]). Critical Analysis The High Court of Australia gave a landmark ruling in the case of Williams v The Commonwealth of Australia Ors, with regard to the matters that are pending under section 61 of the Constitution of Australia. In another case of Pape v Commissioner of Taxation, , the matter was regarding the legality of the Tax Bonus for Working Australians Act (No 2) 2009 (Cth) that provided an on-off payment with regard to the $900 to the Australian taxpayers (Aph.gov.au, 2015). The contemporary times have witnessed considerable discussion regarding the policymaking power of the Commonwealth and the extent to which this power is independent of the Parliament (Spry, 1996). The debate with regard to the role of the Executive Government in the process of treaty making is such an example. Further, the executive can even without having the approval of the Parliament modify the allowances of the Parliamentarian or the members of the Executive. Essentially, there are concerns that the decision-making power is gradually increasing and the power of the Parliament is slowly decreasing. Further there also have been suggestions that if the country of Australia became a Republic there were chances that the executive power would be increased even more. Williams v Commonwealth The High Court had decided in the given case of Williams v Commonwealth and this was a landmark decision on the administrative power of the Commonwealth. In the case an agreement for funding that existed between the Australian Commonwealth and Scripture Union of the Queensland, with regard to the services for chaplaincy at a Queensland State school. This provision was tested by a person who was the father of four students attending that school. The challenge that was made by the father had based its root cause on the fact that the particular arrangement could not be supported by the provisions under 61 given in the Constitution. On the issue a special case was submitted for determination. The questions that were raised was whether the father had a stand for challenging the Agreement for Funding, whether the Funding Agreement was illegal since it was not within the executive power given under the Commonwealth that is provided under Section 61 of the Constitution and prohibited under section 116 of the Constitution, whether the money drawn under the agreement was authorized in accordance to the Appropriation Acts and whether the payments made in accordance to the Agreement were ahead of the power given under section 61 of the Constitution or is banned under section 116 of the Constitution (Gerangelos, 2012). The decision of the High Court was that the father had the stand to challenge whether the Funding Agreement was valid. Further the High Court had held that the Funding Agreement along with the payments that are made to the SUQ that was made under the Agreement was not valid since it was not within the power of the Commonwealth. The High Court had further stated that when the statutory authority was not present, the provisions of Section 61 did not give the power to the Commonwealth to enter into Agreement for Funding or make any such tested payments. Further, the Court had in majority stated that the executive power of the Commonwealth under section 61 did not include the power of the Commonwealth to do what the Parliament would make the executive to do. Additionally, the High Court collectively discharged that particular portion of the challenge. The decision of the High Court was that the school chaplain that was occupied by the SUO for providing services in the school does not have any office in the Commonwealth. Further with regard to the third question that was asked, the unanimous decision of the High Court was that the question itself was totally unnecessary (Selway, n.d.). With a majority of six judges, the High Court had favored the father in the case. However in a dissent, Justice Heydon had stated that the plaintiff did not have any stand with regard to the payments from the Consolidated Revenue Fund. Pape v Commissioner of Taxation The Decision-making power of the Commonwealth again came under scrutiny in the case of Pape v Commissioner of Taxation. In this case, the plaintiff was a lecturer in the field of law and also a attorney who had signified himself in the Court of law. The ground on which the case was challenged was that the with regard to the payments in the legislation, which is considered to be a tax bonus and the actual gift was not maintained by the power of taxation in the Constitution. The argument given by the Constitution was that the legislation was maintained by the amalgamation of the appropriation power provided in section 81 of the Constitution, section 51(ii) with regard to the taxation power, section 51(xxix) with regard to the external affairs power, section 51 (i) with regard to the power on trade and commerce and the power of implied nationhood. Regarding the case, the primary issue was that whether the plaintiff could seek the relief that was claimed by him. The Commonwealth stated that the plaintiff had the contention that the payment that was made to him in accordance to the Bonus Act was contrary to law (Kumarasingham, 2014). However, it was submitted that the plaintiff did not have sufficient attention to disagree that the wider issue with regard to the Bonus Act was not lawful and was void when applied to the other people. However, the members of the Court did not accept the submission. The Court found that the sum of the bonus to be paid that was made to the plaintiff was indeed unlawful and this was due to the fact that the act was void and would be obligatory in future disagreements that concern the validity of the Bonus Act (LINDELL, n.d.). Additionally, if the tax bonus would be held invalid then the total billion tax bonus would also become invalid. The standing of the plaintiff was fresh and that his financial interests would become affected in the negative manner in case he has success in the case. The Commonwealth had further argued that under section 81 of the Constitution the legislative power is given to Commonwealth for making laws in order to appropriate money. Further the Commonwealth argued that appropriation with regard to the Commonwealth was to be determined by the Parliament and that the power of the Parliament for making laws was unlimited. The High Court had collectively rejected the Commonwealths contention under section 81 of the Constitution (Brennan, 1997) which had provided the Commonwealth power to spend as well as appropriate money. One of the judges had held that the logic as well as the text concerning the sections 81 and 83 is contrary to the characterization as a source of the power of appropriation and the spending power. The High Court further believed that the money used by the Commonwealth can be undertaken under two criteria. Firstly, through legislation executing the legislative power of the Commonwealth and secondly, the policymaking power of the Commonwealth. Additionally, the High Court states that the provisions of section 81 and 83 cannot individually provide the money spend by the Commonwealth. Discussion Keeping aside the pronouncements of the High Court with regard to the provisions of the Constitution, the scholars have stated that this decision of the High Court raised a few questions with regard to the spending power of the Commonwealth and whether it is or is not supported by the legislation. Scholars have further stated that the Commonwealth has generally made lot of money in unlawful payments and it is one of the unusual cases where the decision of the High Court would ultimately change the way in which the government operates (Lawson, n.d.). The case of Williams v Commonwealth, had an immense effect on the supervisory role that is in present played by the two Houses of Parliament and their respective committees along with the officers with regard to the contracts by the government and public money payment for instance, the Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit and Joint Parliamentary Standing Committee on Public Works. It must be noted that even when the remedial legislation is to be upheld by any one of the houses, any regulations that specify the arrangements may be disallowed where the money is paid by the Commonwealth or those classes of arrangements which the government can enter, by either of them and this particular thing applies to the payment of the money that is made to the public funds. As a result of this, there arises the need to give both or any one of the Houses of Parliament the advice and guidance in accordance to the system and this would be provided in order to disallow the general regulations and the legislations. Conclusion As concluding remarks it may be stated that the decisions of the High Court in these two cases had a severe impact on the executive power of the Commonwealth. These two cases act as reminder for the Commonwealth that it is a fact that the Court has moved quite a distant with regard to uphold the central power which was evident in the Work Choices Case (New South Wales v Commonwealth, [2006]), it must also be noted that with regard to the federal limits on spending and expenditure and the exercise of the central power, it should be made with regard to the sanction given by the Parliament. The decision-making power of the Commonwealth that is exercised may not be adequate when it is exercised by the non-coercive governmental activity and do not interfere with the individuals rights and also do not breach the laws of the land. References Aph.gov.au, (2015).The Executive Power of the commonwealth: its scope and limits Parliament of Australia. [online] Available at: https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/RP9596/96rp28 [Accessed 3 Mar. 2015]. Aroney, N. (2009).The constitution of a federal commonwealth. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Bastide, M. (2007). Judicial Supervision of Executive Action in the Commonwealth Caribbean.Commonwealth Law Bulletin, 33(2), pp.177-189. Brennan, G. (1997).The Parliament, the Executive and the Courts: Roles and Immunities. [online] gtcentre. Available at: https://www.gtcentre.unsw.edu.au/sites/gtcentre.unsw.edu.au/files/2011%20Con%20Law%20Conference%20Paper%20D%20Kerr_0.pdf [Accessed 3 Mar. 2015]. Gerangelos, P. (2012). The Executive Power of the Commonwealth of Australia: Section 61 of the Commonwealth Constitution, 'nationhood' and the Future of the Prerogative.Oxford University Commonwealth Law Journal, 12(1), pp.97-131. Kumarasingham, H. (2014). Prime Ministers in power: political leadership in Britain and Australia.Commonwealth Comparative Politics, 52(3), pp.443-445. Lawson, C. (n.d.). Regulating Executive Power Under the Australian Commonwealth Framework.SSRN Journal. LINDELL, G. (n.d.).THE CHANGED LANDSCAPE OF THE EXECUTIVE POWER OF THE COMMONWEALTH AFTER THE WILLIAMS CASE. [online] monash. Available at: https://www.law.monash.edu.au/about-us/publications/monlr/issues/past/vol-39-2-lindell.pdf [Accessed 3 Mar. 2015]. New South Wales v Commonwealth[2006]HCA p.52. Pape v Commissioner of Taxation[2009]CLR 238, p.1. Renfree, H. (1984).The executive power of the Commonwealth of Australia. Sydney: Legal Books. Selway, B. (n.d.).All at sea constitutional assumptions and 'the executive power of the commonwealth. [online] anu. Available at: https://flr.law.anu.edu.au/sites/flr.anulaw.anu.edu.au/files/flr/Selway_1.pdf [Accessed 3 Mar. 2015]. Spry, M. (1996).The executive power of the Commonwealth. [Canberra]: Dept. of the Parliamentary Library. Williams v Commonwealth[2014]ALR 309, p.41. Williams v The Commonwealth of Australia Ors[2012]HCA p.23.